Veterinary Technician Practice Exam

Which of the following conditions is associated with excessive cortisol production?

1. Addison's disease

2. Cushing's disease

3. Hypothyroidism

4. Hyperparathyroidism

The correct answer is: Cushing's disease

Cushing's disease is indeed the correct answer as it is characterized by excessive production of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. This condition can result from a variety of causes, including tumors in the pituitary gland (which secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone or ACTH) or in the adrenal glands themselves. The excess cortisol can lead to a variety of symptoms such as weight gain, thinning skin, increased thirst and urination, and increased susceptibility to infections. In contrast, Addison's disease involves insufficient production of cortisol due to damage to the adrenal glands, making it the opposite condition. Hypothyroidism pertains to a deficiency of thyroid hormones, while hyperparathyroidism involves excessive production of parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels rather than cortisol. Thus, Cushing's disease is the only condition listed that is linked specifically to excessive cortisol production.